Alphabetical list of genes

A

abdominal-A           FlyExpress: abd-A abdominal segmental expression

homeodomain transcription factor - Antp class - involved in subdivision of the visceral mesoderm

Abdominal-B

homeodomain transcription factor - bithorax complex - required to specify the posterior abdomen and the genitalia

Abl oncogene

non receptor tyrosine kinase with SH2 and SH3 domains - involved in axon extension

abnormal chemosensory jump 6 (common alternative name: Ipou)

transcription factor - homeodomain and POU domain - determines odorant response profile of subsets of olfactory neurons

abnormal spindle            FlyExpress: asp ubiquitous and neuroblast expression

microtubule binding protein - required for the integrity of microtubule organizing centers - may organize microtubules during cytokinesis

abrupt            FlyExpress: ab mesodermal expression

transcription factor - zinc finger BTB domain - controls the specificity of neuromuscular connections

absent MD neurons and olfactory sensilla

proneural - required for the identity of a class of multidendritic neurons and for a class of olfactory sensilla

absent, small, or homeotic discs 1

histone methyl transferase that indirectly prevents gene silencing - provides a specific signal for establishment of active transcription

absent, small, or homeotic discs 2

trithorax family member - maintains active transcription by binding a producer of nuclear phosphoinositides

and downregulating histone H1 hyperphosphorylation

abstrakt

DEAD-box subfamily ATP-dependent helicase protein - involved in post-transcriptional regulation effecting synaptic function

and axon outgrowth and fasciculation

Accessory gland peptide 70A (common alternative name: sex-peptide)

male ejaculate accessory gland protein - decreases female receptivity and stimulates egg production in the first mating of virgin females

achaete

transcription factor - basic HLH - proneural - involved in the determination of the neural fate

achintya

homeodomain transcription factor (TGIF subclass) - required, along with homeodomain protein Vismay, for spermatogenesis

act up (preferred name: capulet)

cyclase-associate protein homolog - required to prevent actin filament polymerization in the eye disc

Adipokinetic hormone-like

metabolic neuropeptide, made in the corpora cardiaca, that mediates mobilization of energy substrates from the fat body - regulates starvation-induced foraging behavior

alpha-Adaptin

necessary for the formation of clathrin-coated pits and participates in the dynamin-dependent release of coated vesicles

from the membrane surface as a prelude to vesicle recycling - acts downstream of Numb in the determination of alternative cell fates in asymmetric cell division

Adar

double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase - RNA editing enzyme that affects nervous system function, integrity, and behavior

Adenomatous polypopsis coli tumor suppressor homolog 2

signaling protein in Wingless pathway and affects cytoskeletal regulation

Adh transcription factor 1 (common alternative name: Nalyot)

transcription factor - Myb helix-turn-helix family involved in terminal stages of neuronal differentiation and function

adrift

novel protein involved in tracheal branching

A kinase anchor protein 200

Involved in Protein kinase A localization - PKA in turn regulates the function of specialized actin structures during oogenesis

Akt1

S/T kinase with Src homology 2 domain - promotes cell survival - component of insulin pathway

Alk

transmembrane protein - receptor tyrosine kinase - the ligand Jelly belly activates Alk

to specify a select group of visceral muscle precursors as muscle-patterning pioneers

always early

regulator of chromatin structure - a 'meiotic arrest' gene required for transcription of key G2-M cell cycle control genes and of spermatid differentiation genes

amalgam

IG superfamily - ligand for Neurotactin - maintains proper cohesion between axons and contributes to the organization of fascicles

amnesiac

pacap-like neuropeptide that activates the cAMP pathway stimulating learning and memory

Amphiphysin

SH3 domain protein that functions in membrane morphogenesis - involved in cellularization and plays a role in establisment of proper localization of postsynaptic proteins

beta amyloid protein precursor-like

beta amyloid homolog - contributes to synapse formation, maintenance, and plasticity

anachronism

secreted glial glycoprotein that inhibits premature neuroblast proliferation

Anktm1 (common alternative name: dTrpA1)

heat-activated TRP family ion channel that is essential for thermotaxis

Antennapedia            FlyExpress: Antp gap, thoracic and neural expession

homeodomain transcription factor - Antp class - initiator of a cascade of events that result in the development of an adult leg

anterior open (common alternative names: pokkuri or yan)

ets domain transcription factor - target of Ras pathway that serves to inhibit neural and other types of differentiation

AP-2

transcription factor that plays essential roles in leg and proboscis outgrowth -

involved in development of the adult brain central complex

Apaf-1-related-killer

CED-4 domain protein that links mitochondrial events to activation of caspases during programd cell death

APC-like

adenomatous polyposis coli homolog involved in the wingless pathway - functions in neural development

apontic            FlyExpress: apt expression in hindgut anlage and tracheal placodes

novel bZIP transcription factor and RNA-binding protein - multi-functional protein involved in translational regulation

and organ development

APP-like protein interacting protein 1

JNK scaffolding scaffolding protein that is part of motor-cargo linkage complexes for both kinesin-1 and dynein - acts downstream of the JNK pathway

to affect axonal transport - binds APP family proteins

aproctous (preferred name: brachyenteron)           FlyExpress: byn expression in primordium of the hindgut and anal pads

transcription factor - brachyury homolog - mediates specification of caudal visceral mesoderm

apterous            FlyExpress: ap hindgut primordial, brain and CNS expression

transcription factor - homeodomain - lim domain - involved in boundary formation in the developing wing

araucan

transcription factor - homeodomain Pbx class - establishes a prepattern that determines the size, shape and number

of sensory organ mother cells in imaginal discs

arc

PDZ domain protein involved in structuring epithelia

archipelago

F box component of an SCF-ubiquitin ligase - negatively regulates the levels and activity of Drosophila Myc by linking Myc

to a protein degradation pathway - also negatively regulates Cyclin E and Notch

Argonaute 1

PAZ domain protein involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing - mutants exhibit defects in the embryonic nervous system

Argonaute 2

endonuclease - an essential component for siRNA-directed RNA interference (RNAi) response -

required for the unwinding of siRNA duplex and in consequence, assembly of siRNA into RISC

Argonaute 3

cleaves transposon derived piwi-interacting RNAs to form an adaptive system for transposon control

argos            FlyExpress: argos expression in the head and ventral midline

ligand for Egf receptor - inhibitor of Egfr activation

aristaless

transcription factor - homeodomain - paired-like - involved in the ontogeny of specific head segments and

the initiation of appendage development

armadillo

plakoglobin and beta catenin homolog - functions in transducing signals from the Wingless/Wnt family of proteins

and works with cadherins to mediate cell adhesion

armitage

RNA helicase involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing - mutations disrupt mRNA translational silencing of oskar in the oocyte

and silencing of Stellate in male germ cells

arrest

ribonucleoprotein-type RNA-binding protein - regulates multiple mRNAs involved in female and male gametogenesis -

posterior group gene involved in assembly of the pole plasm

Arrestin 2

a protein that interacts stoichiometrically with activated rhodopsin, inhibiting its ability to interact with the G protein, transducin, thus terminating the visual response

arrow

LDL-receptor-related protein (LRP) family - Wingless pathway - binds Axins and consequently induces LEF-1 activation

by destabilizing Axin and stabilizing ß-catenin

Arrowhead

LIM domains and LIM homeodomain - requirement for proliferation of histoblast and imaginal ring tissue

asense            FlyExpress: ase expression in neuroblasts and sensory nervous system specific anlage

basic HLH transcription factor - detected in neural precursors and their progeny but is not expressed in proneural clusters -

participates in the allocation of the sensory mother cells that give rise to the bristles of the anterior wing margin

asterless

coiled-coil protein - component of pancentriole and basal body - involved in stabilization/maintenance of pericentriolar material at the centrosome

ATM (preferred name: telomere fusion)

Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinase - Serves as Drosophila's ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) - plays a conserved and essential role in the maintenance of normal telomeres and chromosome stability

atonal

transcription factor - basic HLH -proneural gene that governs the development of chordotonal organs (stretch receptors in the body wall and joints) and as auditory organs in the antennae

ATP-utilizing chromatin assembly and remodeling factor            FlyExpress: Acf1 maternal and neuroblast expression

PHD finger motifs and chromodomain - involved in chromatin assembly

aubergine

related to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2C - involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing

aurora (alternative name: aurora A)

kinase required for centrosome separation - functions in asymmetric protein localization during mitosis

aurora B (preferred name: IplI-aurora-like kinase)

signaling protein involved in chromatin condensation during mitosis

Axin

scaffolding protein - wingless pathway component

B

baboon

transmembrane protein - Type 1 activin-A-receptor - essential for proper pupation and adult viability

bag of marbles

novel protein involved in oogenesis and spermatogenesis

bagpipe

transcription factor - homeodomain - NK-2 class - forms visceral mesoderm that differentiates into gut musculature

bantam

a 21 nucleotide microRNA that promotes tissue growth, stimulates cell proliferation and prevents apoptosis

BarH1 & BarH2

transcription factor - homeodomain - neural selector genes involved in the development of the external sensilli

Basigin

conserved transmembrane IgCAM required pre- and post-synaptically at neuromuscular junctions to restrict synaptic bouton size,

controls distribution of synaptic vesicles and organization of the presynaptic cortical actin cytoskeleton

basket

MAP kinase homolog - Jun amino terminal kinase - involved in a pathway that regulates cell shape changes during dorsal closure

bazooka

PAR-3 homolog, PDZ domain protein involved in cell polarity and asymmetric cell division

Beadex (common alternative name: Lim-only (LMO)

LIM-only protein - functions to regulate Apterous activity levels

Bearded

proneural - basic amphipathic alpha-helix - novel effector or modulator of Notch signaling

beaten path

secreted - Ig superfamily - required for subsets of motor axons to correctly defasciculate from other motor axons

at specific choice points

bereft

potentially an untranslated RNA - mutants exhibit defects in the peripheral nervous system

bicoid

transcription factor - homeodomain - maternally transcribed gene involved in anterior patterning of the Drosophila embryo

Bicoid interacting protein 1 (common alternative name: Sap18)

part of the Sin3A/Rpd3 histone deacetylase complex - helps convert Bicoid from an activator

into a repressor by recruitment of a co-repressor to Bicoid-dependent promoters

Bicaudal-D

alpha helical coiled coiled protein that interacts with the cytoskeleton - regulates developmental fate of the the oocyte

bifocal

codes for a novel protein that interacts with f-actin - functions downstream of misshapen to reorganize the actin cytoskeleton

bithoraxoid

produces non-coding RNA that may mediate or counteract epigenetic silencing - bxd RNA mediates recruitment of Ash1

to stimulates gene expression

big brain

aquaporin - MIP family signature - neurogenic gene that functions outside of the Notch pathway

biniou

fork head domain transcription factor essential for maintaining the distinction between splanchnic and somatic mesoderm

and for differentiation of the splanchnic mesoderm into midgut musculature

blistered (common alternative name: Serum response factor)

transcription factor - MADS-box motif - required for vein/intervein formation in the fly wing

blistery

tensin homolog - at focal adhesion sites participates in a protein complex that establishes transmembrane linkage between the extracellular matrix and cytoskeletal actin filaments

blown fuse

a cytoplasmic protein essential for somatic myoblast fusion - functions in stretching and outgrowth of circular visceral muscles

Borealin-related

as a componenet of the chromosomal passenger complex, Borealin-related is a key regulator of mitosis -

functions to control assembly and stability of bipolar spindles and faithful chromosome segregation into daughter cells

borealis

conserved protein required for the activation of Aurora-A at the onset of mitosis -

activation of Cdc2 initiates the release of Bora into the cytoplasm where it can bind and activate Aurora-A

Boss (symbol for bride of sevenless)

transmembrane ligand for sevenless - regulates determination of R7 photoreceptor fate

boule

RRM motif protein involved in spermatogenesis

brachyenteron

transcription factor - brachyury homolog - required for specification of hindgut and anal pads

brahma

transcription factor - SWI2/SNF2 homolog - overcomes the repressive effect of chromatin to activate gene transcription

brainiac

glycosyltransferase - directs glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - functions in oogenesis and EGF-R signaling - helps maintain epithelial structures

brain tumor            FlyExpress: brat CNS expression

involved in post-transcriptional regulation of Hunchback mRNA

brakeless (preferred name: scribbler)

novel protein with a single zinc finger - multifunctional protein that regulates foraging activity and

shapes the activity gradient of Dpp through regulation of thickveins

branchless

fibroblast growth factor homolog - ligand for Breathless

Bre1

E3 ubiquitin ligase required for the monoubiquitination of histone H2B and, indirectly, for H3K4 methylation -

directs histone modification that is critical for the transcription of Notch target genes

breathless

transmembrane receptor, FGF-receptor homolog - used in the development of the trachea,

and later plays a role in migration of specific midline glia and the resultant effect on axonogenesis

bric à brac

transcription factor bearing a BTB/POZ domain - required for pattern formation along the proximal-distal axis of the leg and antenna

Bride of sevenless (common alternative name: Boss)

transmembrane - ligand of sevenless - 7 TM segments - regulates determination of R7 photoreceptor fate

brinker

novel transcription factor bearing weak homology to homeobox domain proteins - negatively regulates decapentaplegic target genes

broad (common alternative name: Broad Complex)

transcription factor - zinc finger - BTD domain - a key regulator of gene activity at the onset of metamorphosis in Drosophila

brother of odd with entrails limited (common alternative name: bowel)

zinc finger transcription factor - required for the elaboration of pattern in the tarsus -

promotes morphological changes associated with joint formation during leg development

bruchpilot

cytoskeletal protein critical for intact presynaptic active zone structure and normal-evoked neurotransmitter release at chemical synapses -

establishes proximity between Ca2+ channels and vesicles to allow efficient transmitter release and patterned synaptic plasticity

bruno (preferred name: arrest)

ribonucleoprotein-type RNA-binding protein - regulates multiple mRNAs involved in female and male gametogenesis

Btk family kinase at 29A (common alternative name: Tec29)

protein-tyrosine kinase - necessary for maintaining the equilibrium between monomeric actin and filamentous actin during invagination of the salivary placodes -

functions during oogenesis as a key downstream effector of Src64 during ring canal growth

Bub1

protein serine/threonine kinase - mitotic checkpoint control protein - inhibits ubiquitin ligase activity of anaphase promoting complex (APC) preventing mitosis

until all chromosomes are correctly attached to the mitotic spindle

Bub3

mitotic checkpoint protein that serves as an essential protein required during normal mitotic progression to prevent premature sister chromatid separation,

missegreation and aneuploidy

Buffy

pro-survival homolog of the apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 - also regulates cell cycle

bunched (common alternative name: shortsighted)

transcription factor - leucine zipper - regulates Dpp signaling pathway

bursicon

neuropeptide hormone that controls cuticle sclerotization and wing expansion behavior

buttonhead

transcription factor - zinc finger - transcriptonal activator that regulates the segmentation of the head

buttonless

transcription factor - homeodomain - regulates the identity of the dorsal median cells that are arranged

as a single pair within each segment along the dorsal midline just above the central nervous system

C

cacophony

voltage sensitive calcium channel that stimulates neurotransmetter release at the presynaptic terminus at the neuromuscular junction

cactus

signaling protein - IkappaB homolog - regulates the nuclear transport of Dorsal

Cadherin-E (preferred name: Shotgun)

cadherin - regulates cell aggregation preventing mixing of cells at tissue boundaries

Cadherin-N

cadherin - cell aggregation - regulates axon pathfinding

Cad99C

receptor - cadherin superfamily - expressed in follicle cells - regulator of microvillus length

Calcineurin (preferred name: Protein phosphatase 2B at 14D)

Calcium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase - negatively regulates Egf receptor signaling

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase

Caki can act synaptically as a gain controller on the transition to calcium-independence -

affects activity-dependent autophosphorylation of CaMKII

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II

CaM kinase II - ATP binding motif - coordinates cellular responses to neurotransmitters and hormones -

effects behavior and learning

Calmodulin

calcium ion binding signaling protein - regulation of cellular processes dependent on Ca2+

Calnexin 99A

binds Ca²⁺ - a chaperone that functions in the transition of proteins from the ER to the outer cellular membrane -

glycoprotein folding and quality control in the ER - molecular chaperone for Rh1 biosynthesis -

regulates cytosolic Ca²⁺ levels following activation of the light-sensitive TRP channels

cAMP-dependent protein kinase 1 common alternative name: Protein kinase A (PKA)

catalytic subunit of PKA - involved in Hedgehog signaling pathway and functions in learning in the adult

cannonball

TAF_II80, Trp-Asp repeat (WD-repeat) protein expressed only in spermatocytes, where it is required for transcription of genes
required for spermatid differentiation

canoe

glgf/dhr motif scaffolding protein - interacts with genes in both the Notch and the Ras pathways

Cap-G

Armadillo-like helical HEAT domain protein - non-SMC subunit of the condensin complex -

responsible for ensuring that replicated chromosomes are condensed prior to metaphase

capicua

transcription factor - HMG box protein - acts as a repressor of tailless and huckebein

in both the anterior and posterior domains of the early Drosophila embryo

cap'n'collar            FlyExpress: cnc head segmental expression

transcription factor - basic leucine zipper - involved in the segmentation of the head -

effects both labral and mandibular structures

capricious

leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein involved in selective synapse formation;

contributes to formation of the affinity boundary between dorsal and ventral compartments of the wing

capsuléen

protein arginine methyltransferase - together with its partner Valois Capsuléen is involved in protein localization in germ cells -

required for the localization of specific components of the nuage and pole plasm, and in particular of Tudor

capulet (common alternative name: act up)

cyclase-associate protein homolog - sequesters monomeric actin - required to prevent

actin filament polymerization in the eye disc

Cardioacceleratory peptide

a neuropeptide - controls behavior during molting

Casein kinase II alpha subunit and beta subunit

CkII catalytic and regulatory subunits - modulates Antennapedia's properties, restricting its activity to an appropriate level

Caspase 1 (preferred name: Death caspase-1)

ICE/CED-3 protease - regulates developmental apoptosis or programd cell death

castor (common alternative name: ming)

transcription factor - zinc finger - regulates the development of late CNS sublineages

caudal           FlyExpress: cad expression in anlagen for terminal abdominal structures and hindgut

transcription factor - homeodomain - plays a role in establishing the posterior domains of the embryo, which give rise to the posterior gut

caupolican

transcription factor - homeodomain Pbx class - a prepattern gene that determines the size, shape and

number of sensory organ mother cells in imaginal discs

Cbl

ubiquitin ligase - positively regulates receptor tyrosine ubiquitination accelerating degradation of ligand-receptor complexes

cdc2

a cdc2 kinase - heterdimerizes with cyclin A and cyclin B - responsible for the execution of the mitotic (M) phase of the cell cycle

cdc6

AAA-superfamily ATP helicase involved in initiation of DNA replication - involved in the formation of the prereplicative complex -

checkpoint protein involved in controlling the G2/M transition

cdc42

a Ras type GTPase - involved in epithelial cell elongation - facilitates nucleation of actin filaments

Cdc27 (common alternative name makos)

subunit of anaphase-promoting complex (APC) - involved in regulating cell cycle

Cenp-C

centromere protein required for normal attachment of kinetochores to the spindle

centromere identifier

a variant of histone H3 - localizes exclusively to centromeres - chromatin component that plays a key role in assembling the kinetochore at meiosis and mitosis

Centrosomal protein 190kD

BTB/POZ domain and microtubule binding protein that alternatively serves as a chromatin insulator and as a component of centrioles -

involved in axial expansion, the spreading out along the anterior-to-posterior axis during syncytial development

centrosomin

cytoskeletal protein - important for assembly of mitotic spindles and spindle poles - Aurora-A regulates centrosome assembly by

controlling the CNN's ability to target and/or anchor γ-tubulin to the centrosome and organizing microtubule-nucleating sites

centrosomin's beautiful sister

a trans-Golgi protein that links Golgi inheritance to the cell cycle

Ceramidase

enzyme that hydrolyzes ceramide to sphingosine, a critical structural components of cell membranes that act as second messengers

in diverse signal transduction cascades - maintains photoreceptor homeostasis - regulates synaptic vesicle exocytosis and trafficking

C15 (common alternative name Clawless)

member of the 93E cluster of homeodomain proteins - regulates spatial patterning of the tarsus, a distal portion of the leg -

homolog of vertebrate oncogene Hox11

chameau

histone acetyltransferase - acts as antagonistic cofactor to the histone deacetylase Rpd3 to modulate JNK-dependent

transcription during pupal thorax metamorphosis and JNK-induced apoptosis - recruited by DJun and DFos

charlatan

zinc finger transcription factor - facilitates accumulation of proneural proteins Achaete and Scute by forming a transcriptional stimulatory loop

charybde and scylla

conserved proteins acting downstream of PKB and upstream of TSC to regulate growth - they are induced under hypoxic conditions,

thus establishing a potential cross-talk between growth and oxygen sensing

chickadee

profilin homolog - regulates polymerization of the actin cytoskeleton

chico

insulin receptor substrate family - the major cytoplasmic substrate of the insulin receptor

chiffon

Dbf4 homolog - regulatory subunit of Cdc7-Dbf4 dimer - interacts with unknown regulators and

activates the kinase function of its dimerization partner, thus triggering the initiation of cellular DNA replication

Chip

transcription factor - enhancer facilitator - functions at enhancers to bring together diverse transcriptional factors and

form higher order activation complexes; or, in some cases, it may block formation of such complexes

chk2 (preferred name: loki)

homolog of mammalian Chk2 - a serine/threonine kinase required required for DNA damage-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis

Chromatin assembly factor 1 subunit

A histone chaperone protein - mediates nucleosome assembly on both the leading and lagging strands

immediately after passage of the DNA replication fork

Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein

chromodomain protein in the SNF2-like family of ATPases - functions in assembly of active chromatin

chromosome bows (common alternative names: Orbit and Mast)

microtubule-associated protein that plays an essential role facilitating the kinetochore-microtubule interaction -

maternially it facilitates multiple interactions of the fusome with mitotic spindles and ring canals -

zygotically it mediates the action of Slit and its receptors acting as a partner of the Abelson tyrosine kinase

citron (preferred name: sticky)

Rho effector kinase functioning downstream of pebble - required for cytokinesis

clift (common alternative name: eyes absent)

novel protein - eyes absent family - cell survival factor - functions in eye development

and in the embryonic determination of the somatic gonadal precursor cell fate

Clock

transcription factor - bHLH and PAS domains - regulates circadian rhythms

clockwork orange

a transcriptional repressor that synergizes with Per and inhibits Clk-mediated activation -

acts preferentially to help terminate Clk-Cyc-mediated transcription of direct target genes

clueless (preferred name: abrupt)

transcription factor - zinc finger BTB domain - controls the muscle expression of molecules required for correct motorneuron targeting

collier (preferred name: knot)

EBF/Olf-1 homolog, HLH protein - required for the formation of the hypopharyngeal lobe,

the proper development of the larval head skeleton, and suppresses vein formation between veins 3 and 4,

comatose

N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion (NSF) gene - required in disassembly or rearrangement of the SNARE complex at the plasma membrane after vesicule fusion

combgap

zinc finger transcription factor - involved in pattern formation and the regulation of cell fate

commissureless

novel transmembrane protein - involved in axon pathfinding and neuromuscular synaptogenesis

Connectin

Leucine rich repeat homophilic cell adhesion protein expressed in a subset of muscles and the motoneurons that innervate them

Contactin

required for organization of septate junctions and for function of the paracellular barrier -

Forms a tripartite complex with Neuroglian and Neurexin

COP9 complex homolog subunit 5

Component of COP9 signalsome - regulates ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation - Jab1/MPN domain metalloenzyme motif

coracle

protein 4.1 homolog - links transmembrane proteins to cytoskeleton

corkscrew

protein tyrosine phosphatase - SH2 domains - downregulates receptor tyrosine kinase signaling

cornichon

cargo receptor required for transport of the TGFalpha growth factor Gurken to the oocyte surface

Cortactin

cytoskeletal component that acts as a link, via Src, between surface receptors and actin - interacts with F-actin and can stimulate actin polymerization by direct interaction with the Arp2/3 complex

cortex

a meiosis-specific anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome activator - functions together Fizzy to target mitotic cyclins for destruction in the egg

costa (common alternative name: costal2)

kinesin like protein - hedgehog signaling - a cytoplasmic anchor for Cubitus interruptus

courtless

ubiquitin conjugation enzyme - plays a role in protein degradation - mutation disrupts early steps of courtship behavior in Drosophila males and the development of their sperm

cousin of atonal

bHLH transcription factor required for sensory neuron morphology

cp309 (common alternative name: pericentrin-like protein)

PACT domain protein - associated with both the centrioles and pericentriolar material -

essential for the formation of functional cilia and flagella

cramped

a novel Polycomb group protein - physically interacts with Proliferating cell nuclear antigen,

a protein involved in DNA replication and repair

CrebB-17A

transcription factor - cAMP response element binding protein - acts downstream of Protein kinase A - regulates genes involved

in learning and memory

CREB-binding protein (preferred name: nejire)

CBP, a transcriptional co-activator that interacts with

a large number of developmentally important transcription factors

crocodile

winged helix, forkhead family - establishing the domains of expression for wingless and engrailed in the clypeolabrum,

the anterior most segment of the fly's head

crooked legs

multiple zinc finger transcription factor - mutants exhibit both a morphological defect in leg morphogenesis

and altered gene expression during morphogenesis

crooked neck

mRNA splicing factor that participates in the assembly and control of the splicing machinery

crossveinless 2

chordin-like cysteine rich domain protein: modifies BMP signaling

crossveinless c (common alternative name: RhoGAP88C)

required in tissues actively undergoing morphogenesis -- regulates GTPase function of Rho

to promote the coordinated organisation of the actin cytoskeleton

crumbs

transmembrane - egf repeats - laminin A homolog - involved in epithelial polarity

cryptocephal

REB/ATF superfamily bZIP domain transcription factor - controls expression of diverse neuropeptides and peptide hormones involved in metamorphosis

cryptochrome

potential transcription factor - light response protein - cryptochrome/photolyase

CTCF

CCCTC-binding factor is a zinc finger transcription factor that confers enhancer blocking in all known chromatin insulators

C-terminal binding protein

transcription factor-interacting protein - a transcriptional co-repressor

cubitus interruptus            FlyExpress: ci maternal and segmental expression

transcription factor - zinc finger - mediates Hedgehog signaling

Cullin1 (preferred name: lin-19-like)

a major component of a series of multimeric ubiquitin ligases that control the degradation of a broad range of proteins

Cullin 3 (preferred name: guftagu)

Cullen-3 homolog acting in protein degradation - loss of function has pleiotropic effects during development,

including defects in external sensory organ development, pattern formation and cell growth and survival - targets Cubitus interruptus

cul4

cullin family protein that regulates cell cycle by controlling degradation of Dacapo and Cyclin E

cup

translational repressor - represses oskar translation - physically interacts with Bruno

cut

transcription factor - homeodomain - cut domain - mediates choice between chordotonal sense organ

and external sensory organ fate - also involved in wing and follicle cell morphogenesis

cycle

transcription factor - bHLH, pas domain - photoperiod response

Cyclic-AMP response element binding protein A

basic leucine zipper transcription factor - required for patterning cuticular structures on both dorsal and ventral surfaces

Cyclin A

a a G2-M phase cyclin - cell cycle regulator - dimerization partner of cdc2 kinase

Cyclin B

a G2-M phase cyclin - cell cycle regulator - dimerization partner of cdc2 kinase

Cyclin D

cell cycle regulator - a G1-S phase cyclin

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6

a Cdk involved in control of growth of cells - partners cyclin D - governs progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5

a Cdk involved in control of cell differentiation and morphology

Cyclin-dependent kinase 7

a Cdk-activating kinase and general transcription factor - required for the activation of both Cdc2/Cyclin A and

Cdc2/Cyclin B complexes, and for cell division

Cyclin-dependent kinase 9

subunit of P-TEFb, targets RNA polymerase II

Cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 30A

Cyclin-dependent kinase regulatory subunit required for progression through female meiosis and the mitotic divisions of the early embryo

through an interaction with Cdk1 (Cdc2)

Cyclin E

a G1-S phase cyclin - dimerization partner of cdc2c kinase

Cyclin J

regulates S phase early in embryonic development, partners Cdk2

Cytochrome c proximal and Cytochrome c distal

electron transport - caspase activation during apoptosis

D

dacapo

cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor - inhibits cell cycle progression

dachsous

cadherin superfamily - controls imaginal disc morphogenesis

dachshund

transcriptional co-repressor - required for elongation of leg discs

dally-like

membrane bound glypican related proteoglycan - required for Hedgehog signalling in the embryonic epidermis of Drosophila

daughterless

transcription factor - basic HLH - proneural gene that is also involved in sex determination

daughter of sevenless

an adaptor protein that facilitates signal transduction as a downstream component of the receptor tyrosine kinases Sevenless, Egf receptor and Torso

Daughters against dpp

Smad family - inhibits Dpp signal transduction

dawdle

TGF-ß superfamily ligand - Activin-like protein - By activating Dawdle, Tolloid-related provides a permissive signal for axon guidance

DC0

Protein kinase A catalytic subunit - a signal transduction protein involved in learning and memory and in the Hedgehog pathway

dCREB2 (preferred name: CrebB-17A)

transcription factor - basic leucine zipper - acts downstream of Protein kinase A -

regulates genes involved in learning and memory

deadpan            FlyExpress: dpn segmental expression and expression in hindgut primordium and neuroblasts

transcription factor - bHLH - hairy/E(spl) class - a pan-neural repressor

dead ringer

transcription factor - ARID domain protein - required for proper patterning of the abdomen

Death caspase-1

ICE/CED-3 protease involved in apoptosis - an effector caspase

death executioner Bcl-2 homologue

Bcl-2/CED-9 family protein involved in regulating apoptosis

Death related ced-3/Nedd2-like protein

ICE/CED-3 protease involved in apoptosis - an initator caspase

DE-cadherin (preferred name: shotgun)

transmembrane - E-cadherin homolog - cell adhesion - sets up boundaries between epithelial compartments preventing cell mixing

decapentaplegic

ligand - tgf-beta homolog - early on dpp establishes embryonic dorsal/ventral --

later defines boundaries between appendage compartments

defective proventriculus

homeodomain transcription factor - involved in the establishment of two gut structures:

the proventriculus (a foregut structure) and the central midgut

Deformed

transcription factor - homeodomain - Antp class - required to form a normal head -

involved in establishing the form of the maxillary and mandibular segments

Delta

transmembrane - EGF family - Notch ligand - important in establishing neural cell fates

deltex

E3-ubiquitin ligase - Deltex mediated accumulation of Notch in the late-endosome compartment is required for the Dx-mediated Su(H)-independent Notch signaling

DER (Preferred name: EGF-R) (common alternative name: Torpedo)

transmembrane receptor- tk - EGF-R homology - during oogenesis helps set up egg polarity, determines the identity of cells in the ectoderm;

during larval stages participates in the development of the eye and wing.

ventral ectoderm; during larval stages participates in the development of the eye and wing.

derailed

receptor tyrosine kinase - functions in axon during central nervous system and brain development

DFR-1 (preferred name: Heartless - also commonly known as Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1)

receptor tyrosine kinase - involved in the development of mesodermal and neuronal cells

DHR3 (preferred name: Hormone receptor-like/Hr46)

transcription factor - nuclear receptor superfamily - a second tier regulator involved in Drosophila molting --

acts negatively on Ecdysone receptor and postively on genes expressed subsequently in the molting hierarchy

diaphanous

Formin homology domain protein required for cytokinesis

Dicer-1

ribonuclease III family, double-stranded RNA domain binding domain, DEAD/DEAH box helicase, PAZ domain -

an enzyme involved in degrading RNA - involved in double-stranded RNA interference (RNAi) and post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTGS)

Dicer-2

DEAD/DEAH box helicase - mutants are defective in processing small interfering RNAs

Dichaete (preferred name: Sox box protein 70D, common alternative name: fish-hook)           FlyExpress: Dichaete expression in ventral neuroectoderm and neuroblasts

HMG-domain protein - SOX-domain protein - implicated in the regulation of pair-rule genes

and later functions in wing morphogenesis

dilute class unconventional myosin (common alternative names: Didum and MyosinV)

a motor protein that mediates sensory neuron morphogenesisin - forms a complex with Rab11 and Rab11 interacting protein

that trafficks rhodopsin in the developing rhabdomere

diego

ankyrin repeat protein involved in tissue polarity - helps promote polarized clustering of Flamingo

diminutive (common alternative name: dmyc)

bHLH - leucine zipper - controls cell cycle progression

dimmed (common alternative name: Mist 1-related)

Atonal family bHLH transcription factor - component of a mechanism by which diverse neuroendocrine lineages

differentiate and maintain a pro-secretory state

Disabled

novel signaling protein - interacts with Abl to regulate axon guidance

disc proliferation abnormal

Licensing factor - Zn finger motif - cdc21 homolog - MCM4 homolog - implicated in the initiation of DNA replication

and in the discrimination between replicated and unreplicated chromatin

discs overgrown (common alternative name: double-time)

casein kinase Iepsilon - contributes to circadian rhythmicity

discs large 1

Links septate junctions to cytoskeleton - Guanylate kinase signature and Src homology 3 domain

discs lost

conserved protein of unknown function - required for cell survival and cell cycle progression - implicated in modification of olfactory behavior

dishevelled

novel cytoplasmic protein - a component in the wingless pathway and regulates epithelial polarity

Dishevelled Associated Activator of Morphogenesis

Formin homology domain protein regulated by RhoA - functions upstream or parallel to Src42A

and Tec29 to organize the actin cytoskeleton and to determine the cuticle pattern of the respiratory system

dispatched

patched family protein regulating Hedgehog release

dissatisfaction

nuclear receptor superfamily - essential for many aspects of sexual behavior and neural development in both males and females

distal antenna & distal antenna-related

two closely linked genes coding for pipsqueak domain proteins - effector genes that act downstream of homothorax and Distal-less

to control differentiation of distal antennal structures

Distal-less

transcription factor - homeodomain - defines the termini of appendages and regulates appendage growth

division abnormally delayed

membrane bound glypican related proteoglycan - effects cell division of lamina precursor cells of the optic lobe

DJun (Preferred name: Jun-related antigen)

transcription factor - basic leucine zipper - cooperates with the ETS domain protein Pointed to induce R7 fate in the developing eye

Dlar (preferred name: Leukocyte-antigen-related-like)

transmembrane - receptor tyrosine kinase functioning to regulate axon guidance

dmyc (preferred name: diminutive)

bHLH - leucine zipper - controls cell cycle progression

DNA replication-related element factor

a transcription factor that activates genes involved in cell proliferation

dodo

peptidylprolyl isomerase - facilitates the degradation of the transcription factor CF2, which regulates expression of the rhomboid gene in follicle cells

domeless

a divergent member of the cytokine class I receptor family - required for segmentation and functions in trachea specification

Domina

forkhead/winged-helix class - a suppressor of position effect variegation that also affects and regulates eye and bristle development

domino

DNA helicase/adenosine triphosphatase - component of the Tip60 chromatin-remodeling complex

that acetylates nucleosomal phospho-H2Av and exchanges it with an unmodified H2Av

Dopamine receptor

GPCR - mediates aversive and appetitive learning in pavlovian olfactory conditioning

Dopamine transporter

mediates uptake of dopamine in dopamine positive neurons - functions in regulating sleep and arousal

dorsal

transcription factor - NFkappaB/rel homolog - functions in establishment of dorsal/ventral polarity

Dorsal related immune factor

NFkappaB/rel homolog - a regulator of the immune response

Dorsocross

three closely linked T-box domain transcription factors that are crucial for completion of differentiation,

cell proliferation arrest, and survival of amnioserosa cells

double parked

conserved protein required for DNA replication

doublesex

novel zinc finger transcription factor - regulates sexual differentiation of both sexes

double-time (preferred name: discs overgrown)

casein kinase Iepsilon - contributes to circadian rhythmicity

DP transcription factor

transcription factor - obligate dimerization partner of E2f1 and E2f2 - required for normal cell proliferation,

optimal DNA synthesis, and efficient G₂/M progression

draper

encoding an EGF-repeat single-pass transmembrane domain receptor - required during metamorphosis for recognition and engulfment of degenerating axon branches by glia

dreadlocks

SH2 and SH3 domain signal transduction protein - required for photoreceptor cell growth cone guidance and targeting

dre4

transcription factor - along with Structure specific recognition protein (Ssrp) forms a protein complex, FACT,

that facilates GAGA factor directed chromatin remodeling

drifter (preferred name: ventral veins lacking)

transcription factor - homeodomain - pou domain - mutants display severe tracheal defects and defects in ventral midline glia migration

Dronc (preferred name: Nedd2-like caspase)

cysteine protease - an initiator caspase - functional homolog of CED-3/caspase-9 - involved in programed cell death

Drop (common alternative name: muscle segment homeobox-1)           FlyExpress: Drop expression in ventral neuroderm anlage, ventral nerve cord and trunk mesoderm anlage

transcription factor - homeodomain - confers cell fate on the dorsal (lateral-most) column of neuroblasts during ventral cord development

Dror

receptor tyrosine kinase - trk homolog - expressed during neural differentiation

drosha

ribonuclease - acts on primary microRNA transcripts by cleaving it to excise the pre-microRNA polymer - physically interacts with Pasha,

a double-stranded RNA binding protein

Drosomycin

inducible antifungal peptide

Dscam

multiple Ig domain protein - acts with other proteins to direct pathfinding of Bolwig's nerve

dtfr (preferred name: thickveins)

receptor of Decapentaplegic

dumbfounded (preferred name: kin of irre)

IG superfamily - required for myoblast aggregation and fusion

dunce

cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase - involved in memory and learning

Dynamin related protein 1

a Dynamin GTPase - regulates mitochondrial fission in normal cells including primary spermatocytes -

mediates mitochondrial fragmentation during programmed cell death

Dynein heavy chain 64C

a molecular motor - functions in axon transport

dysfusion

bHLH-PAS protein expressed in tracheal fusion cells and required for tracheal fusion

Dystroglycan

transmembrane receptor for extracellular matrix molecules - required for cellular polarity in epithelial cells and the oocyte

dystrophin

the postsynaptically localized scaffolding protein required for appropriate control of neuromuscular synaptic homeostasis

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