Drosophila genes listed by biochemical function

RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASES AND PHOSPHATASES AND SERINE/THREONINE KINASES

Alk

transmembrane protein - receptor tyrosine kinase - the ligand Jelly belly activates Alk

to specify a select group of visceral muscle precursors as muscle-patterning pioneers

baboon

transmembrane protein - Type 1 activin-A-receptor - receptor serine/threonine kinase

breathless

transmembrane receptor, fgf-r homolog

DER (preferred name: EGF-R, common alternative name: Torpedo)

receptor- tk - EGF-R homology

derailed

receptor TK

Dlar

receptor tyrosine phosphatase - axon guidance

Dror

receptor tyrosine kinase - trk homolog

Eph receptor tyrosine kinase

receptor tyrosine kinase

Epidermal growth factor receptor (common alternative name: Torpedo)

receptor tyrosine kinase

fgf-receptor homolog 1 (common alternative name: heartless or DFR1)

transmembrane - receptor - Ig superfamily

heartless (commonly known as Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 or DFR-1)

receptor tyrosine kinase

Insulin-like receptor

receptor tyrosine kinase

off-track

CCK-4 family of 'dead' receptor tyrosine kinases, Ig-domains - required for lamina-specific targeting of R1-R6 axons -

associates with Plexin, the receptor for Semaphorin ligand

PDGF- and VEGF-receptor related

Ig C-2 type domain receptor tyrosine kinase - required for border cell migration

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 4E

broadly expressed type III receptor tyrosine phosphatase closely related to Ptp10D - shows synthetic phenotypes with other Pdps

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 10D

receptor tyrosine phosphatase - required for embryonic and larval axon guidance - along with Ptp69D regulates segregation

of the young axons into a single core bundle in the larval mushroom body - mutants are defective in long-term memory formation

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 69D

receptor tyrosine phosphatase

punt

receptor for DPP - type II receptor serine/threonine kinase

saxophone

receptor serine/threonine kinase - a DPP receptor

sevenless

receptor tyrosine kinase - Boss receptor

thickveins

receptor serine/threonine kinase for DPP

torpedo (preferred name: Epidermal growth factor receptor, common alternative name: ellipse)

receptor-tk egf-r homology

torso

receptorTK

wishful thinking

type II TGFß receptor - functions presynaptically to regulate synaptic size at the neuromuscular junction - receptor serine/threonine kinase

TRANSMEMBRANE ADHESION PROTEINS

Basigin

conserved IgCAM required pre- and post-synaptically at neuromuscular junctions to restrict synaptic bouton size,

controls distribution of synaptic vesicles and organization of the presynaptic cortical actin cytoskeleton

Cadherin-E (preferred name: shotgun)

cadherin - cell aggregation

Cadherin-N

transmembrane receptor, cadherin homolog

Cad99C

receptor - cadherin superfamily - expressed in follicle cells - regulator of microvillus length

commissureless

novel transmembrane protein

capricious

leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein involved in selective synapse formation;

contributes to formation of the affinity boundary between dorsal and ventral compartments of the wing

Contactin

required for organization of septate junctions and for function of the paracellular barrier -

Forms a tripartite complex with Neuroglian and Neurexin

crumbs

egf repeats - laminin A homolog

dachsous

cadherin superfamily

DE-cadherin (preferred name: shotgun)

E-cadherin homolog

Delta

EGF family - Notch ligand

dumbfounded (preferred name: kin of irre)

IG superfamily - required for myoblast aggregation and fusion

Dystroglycan

transmembrane receptor for extracellular matrix molecules - required for cellular polarity in epithelial cells and the oocyte

Dscam

multiple Ig domain protein

E-cadherin (preferred name: shotgun)

tm - E-cadherin homolog

echinoid & friend of echinoid

cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) - Ig and fibronectin domains proteins - The genes are adjacent to one another and co-ordinately regulated -

Echinoid acts to antagonize Egf receptor signaling - Friend of echinoid exhibits interaction with the Notch pathway

18 wheeler

transmembrane protein with with leucine-rich motif (LRR)

Fasciclin I

cam - lipid linked to membrane - novel

Fasciclin II

NCAM homolog - Ig superfamily

Fasciclin III

cam - novel

fat

cadherin domain transmembrane receptor that negatively controls cell proliferation - also functions in planar polarity

furrowed

selectin (carbohydrate binding protein)

Gliolectin

lectin (carbohydrate binding protein)

Gliotactin

novel serine esterase homolog

hibris

Ig repeat transmembrane protein with fibronectin type III domain - a receptor involved in muscle cell fusion

integrin - beta PS (preferred name: myospheroid)

integrin - beta subunit

kekkon-1

Ig domain protein, Leucine-rich repeat protein

kuzbanian

disintegrin and metalloprotease motifs - neurogenic

Lachesin

GPI-anchored surface immunoglobulin domain cell adhesion molecule required for the proper morphogenesis of the tracheal system

multiple edematous wings *

alpha PS1 integrin - see myospheroid

myospheroid

integrin-beta subunit of PS1 & PS2

Neuroglian

IG superfamily - NgCAM related

neuroligin-1 and neuroligin-2

Postsynaptic receptor that interacts with presynaptic Neurexins - recruits scaffolding proteins for organization of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptors -

mediates the precise apposition of presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes

Neurotactin

serine esterase homolog

Notch

receptor - neurogenic

pollux

novel cell surface receptor, leucine zipper protein

roughest

Ig-C2-type-domain protein - transmembrane

roundabout

IG and FN repeats protein

semaphorin-1a

axon guidance transmembrane protein

Serrate

EGF homolog - ligand for Notch

scab

alpha integrin

shotgun

E-cadherin

starry night

Cadherin-related 7TM protein

sticks and stones

transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of fusion competent myoblasts - essential for fusion of embryonic myoblasts

strabismus (preferred name: Van Gogh)

novel protein

tartan

Leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein - along with Capricious, contributes to the adhesive properties of the cells

in the morphogenetic furrow, thus regulating control of spacing ommatidial clusters - regulates boundary formation in the leg and wing -

regulates tracheal branching

Tenascin major

transmembrane protein that acts together with the Filamin Cheerio to influence growth cone progression

Van Gogh (common alternative name: strabismus)

novel, potentially transmembrane protein

MISCELLANEOUS TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEINS

Adipokinetic hormone receptor (preferred name: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor)

GPCR - involved in storage-fat mobilization - essential to adjust normal body fat content

and ensure lifelong fat-storage homeostasis - functional analog of the mammalian glucagon receptor

beta amyloid protein precursor-like

beta amyloid homolog

Anktm1 (common alternative name: dTrpA1)

heat-activated TRP family ion channel that is essential for thermotaxis

arrow

LDL-receptor-related protein (LRP) family - Wingless pathway

atlastin

dynamin-family transmembrane GTPase that drives endoplasmic reticulum membrane fusion in a GTP-dependent fashion - self-associating protein

that is able to form trans-oligomeric complexes - required for normal growth of muscles and synapses at the neuromuscular junction

Bride of sevenless (Boss)

ligand of Sevenless - 7 transmembrane segments

cacophony

voltage sensitive calcium channel that stimulates neurotransmetter release at the presynaptic terminus at the neuromuscular junction

cornichon

cargo receptor required for transport of the TGFalpha growth factor Gurken to the oocyte surface

death executioner Bcl-2 homologue

Bcl-2/CED-9 family protein involved in regulating apoptosis

dispatched

patched family protein regulating Hedgehog release

domeless

a divergent member of the cytokine class I receptor family - required for segmentation and functions in trachea specification

Dopamine receptor

GPCR - mediates aversive and appetitive learning in pavlovian olfactory conditioning

Dopamine transporter

mediates uptake of dopamine in dopamine positive neurons - functions in regulating sleep and arousal

draper

encoding an EGF-repeat single-pass transmembrane domain receptor - required during metamorphosis for recognition and engulfment of degenerating axon branches by glia

Dscam2

immunoglobulin superfamily - Dscam2 homophilic interactions mediate repulsion between neurites of L1 laminar cells in neighbouring columns of the optic lobe

eater

EGF-like repeat transmembrane protein located on phagocytic cells - mediates resistence to bacteria

Excitatory amino acid transporter 1

tranmembrane excitatory amino acid transporter expressed in glial cells - tightly regulates

extracellular glutamate levels to control neurotransmission functions in locomotor behavior

fear of intimacy

transmembrane domain protein - FICL family - zinc transporter - required in the mesoderm for gonad morphogenesis - required for tracheal branch fusion

four-jointed

type 2 transmembrane protein

frazzled

Ig superfamily - Netrin receptor

frizzled

7 pass G-protein coupled receptor

frizzled2

transmembrane - 7 pass - frizzled family - receptor for Wingless

frizzled3

transmembrane - 7 pass - frizzled family - antagonist of wingless signal

genderblind

glutamate permease - regulates ambient extracellular glutamate to suppress glutamatergic synapse strength - controls mate choice

Glutamate receptor IIA and Glutamate receptor IIB

transmembrane Ca2+ channel protein

Golden goal

transmembrane receptor that is dynamically expressed in all photoreceptor neurons and localizes predominantly to growth cones - regulates axon-axon

and axon-target interactions in R8 photoreceptor axon - acts as a functional partner of Flamingo for R8 photoreceptor axon targeting in the medulla

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (common alternative name: Adipokinetic hormone receptor)

GPCR - involved in storage-fat mobilization - essential to adjust normal body fat content

and ensure lifelong fat-storage homeostasis - functional analog of the mammalian glucagon receptor

Gustatory receptor 21a and Gustatory receptor 63a

GPCRs that confer CO₂-chemosensation in Drosophila

Gustatory receptor 64a

taste receptor - response to sugar

Gustatory receptor 66a

7 transmembrane protein - taste receptor - mediates aversion to bitter taste in the labellum, pharynx, legs, wings, and abdomen

- mediates suppression of feeding behavior by the insect repellent DEET - mediates aversion to caffeine

Gustatory receptor 68a

an essential component of pheromone-driven courtship behavior

inebriated

neurotransmitter:sodium symporter - mutations appear to cause increased excitability of the motor neuron by causing defective reuptake of a substrate neurotransmitter

Inositol 1,4,5,-tris-phosphate receptor

calcium channel

inactive

transient receptor potential vanilloid channel - expressed in chordotonal neurons where it is involved in temperature preference -

expressed in antenna were it is involved in hearing

interference Hedgehog

IGcam membrane protein - binds Hedgehog and mediates Hedgehog response

Ionotropic receptor 8a

a member of a novel family of chemosensory receptor ion channels - variant ionotropic glutamate receptor-like protein - expressed on antennal neurons

Ionotropic receptor 64a

chemosensory receptor ion channel, responds to acid

Ionotropic receptor 84a

chemosensory ionotropic glutamate receptor family protein, regulation of male courtship behavior, response to aromatic odors

kon-tiki

conserved multi-domain transmembrane receptor required cell autonomously for myotubes to recognize their tendon cell targets -

signals through the intracellular adaptor Grip in a conserved molecular pathway

kugelei (common alternative names: fat-like, fat2)

a cadherin related to Fat - required for the planar polarity of actin filament orientation

at the basal side of ovarian follicle cells - acts non-autonomously in follicle cells in the transmission of polarity information

required for morphogenesis and maintenance of tubular structures of ectodermal origin

Leucokinin receptor

G-protein coupled receptor expressed in brain neurons - regulation of meal size and meal frequency - regulation of fluid balance in Malpighian tubules

metabotropic GABA-B receptor subtype 1

G-protein coupled receptor - expressed by pheromone-sensing olfactory receptor neurons which as a consequence exhibit strong presynaptic inhibition -

mediates inter-glomerular inhibition - responsible for decreased intracellular calcium of clock neurons blocking their calcium cycling

metabotropic glutamate receptor

G-protein coupled receptor - modulates presynaptic excitability properties and synaptic architecture -

acts in conjunction with FMRP to regulate presynaptic properties

methuselah

G-protein coupled receptor: mutants have increased longevity, are resistent to stress and have increased body weight

moody

G-protein coupled receptor - expressed in glia and required for blood-brain barrier formation

Neither inactivation nor afterpotential E (common alternative name: Rh1)

rhodopsin expressed in photoreceptors R1-R6, response to light intensity, phototransduction, thermotaxis

Neuropilin and tolloid-like (common alternative name: Neto)

transmembrane protein - auxiliary subunit of ionic Glutamate receptor required for clustering of ionotropic glutamate receptors

at the neuromuscular junction, for organization of postsynaptic densities and for synapse functionality

Niemann-Pick Type C-1

a transmembrane protein related to the Hedgehog receptor Patched - mutants have a shortage of sterol, and, as a consequence, inadequate ecdysone synthesis

Neurexin

multifunctional protein located at septate junctions

Nimrod C1

EGF-like repeat transmembrane protein located on phagocytic cells - mediates resistence to bacteria

nervana 1 and nervana 2

β subunit of Na,K-ATPase, plays an ion-pump-independent role in junction formation and tracheal morphogenesis

NMDA receptor 1 and NMDA receptor 2

voltage/Mg²⁺-dependent Ca²⁺ channels activated by glutamate - required for olfactory learning

no mechanoreceptor potential C

a mechanosensitive Ca²⁺ TRP family channel, mediates locomotion related proprioception (touch sensation)

in PNS localized neurons - mediates sound detection in Johnston's organ

Odorant receptor 22a and Odorant receptor 22b

G-protein coupled receptors - Or22a responds to ethyl butyrate - localized to dendritic membranes of 22 cells of the basomedial region of the antenna

Odorant receptor 65a

G-protein coupled receptor - courtship behavior - confers aversive response to cis-vaccenyl acetate

Odorant receptor 67d

G-protein coupled receptor - courtship behavior - the male-specific pheromone 11-cVA acts through Or67d to regulate both male and female mating behavior

Odorant receptor 83b

G-protein coupled receptor - broadly expressed receptor of unknown function - required for dendritic localization of conventional odorant receptors -

mutation disrupts behavioral and electorphysiological responses to many odorants

Octopamine receptor in mushroom bodies

G-protein coupled receptor - activated in mated females and functions during ovulation

in the oviduct epithelium to facilitate egg-laying - expressed in mushroom bodies

olf186-F (common alternative name: Orai)

store-operated Ca²⁺ channel involved in rhythmic firing of the flight motoneurons - physically interacts with

the Ca²⁺ store sensor Stim (Stromal interaction molecule) to form the Ca²⁺ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel

Ora transientless

histamine-gated chloride channel required for synaptic transmission at the photoreceptor-large monopolar cells synapse and

for orientation and motion vision - responsible for synaptic transients in electroretinograms -

modulates temperature preference and controls tolerance of low and high temperature

painless

calcium channel - nociceptor - mutant is pain response defective

patched

segment polarity gene

perdido (common alternative name: Kon-tiki)

conserved multi-domain transmembrane receptor required cell autonomously for myotubes to recognize their tendon cell targets -

signals through the intracellular adaptor Grip in a conserved molecular pathway

pickpocket

subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) family - plays an essential role in controlling rhythmic locomotion

by providing mechanosensory signal transduction of proprioceptive sensory information

pickpocket 23, pickpocket 25 and pickpocket 28

DEG/ENaC sodium channel subunits - required for activation of courtship behavior by chemosensory perception of female pheromones

pickpocket 28

amiloride-sensitive Na+ channel - osmosensitive ion channel that mediates response to water -

expressed in labellar gustatory chemosensory bristles

plexin A

semaphorin domain protein, semaphorin receptor

plexin B

semaphorin domain protein, receptor for the secreted semaphorin Sema-2a -

regulates axon extension from the sensory neuron cell body in regions of direct contact with oenocytes

Peptidoglycan recognition protein LC

transmembrane receptor involved in antimicrobial response, recognizes bacterial toxins, expressed in fat body and midgut

Presenilin

transmembrane protein involved in proteolysis of Notch

Resistant to dieldrin

GABA-A receptor that negatively modulates olfactory associative learning, possibly by gating the input of olfactory information

into the mushroom bodies - regulates the length of time required to fall asleep

rhomboid (preferred name: veinlet)

serine protease - transmembrane protein involved with Epidermal growth factor receptor signaling - required for the production or processing of Spitz, the Egfr ligand

rhomboid-7

transmembrane mitochondrial protease required for spermatogenesis and muscle maturation

roughoid

EGF pathway

Ryanodine receptor 44F

Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release channel located in presynaptic endoplasmic reticulum membranes -

sustains vesicular mobilization thus enhancing release of transmitters and neuropeptides

sanpodo

encodes a four-pass transmembrane protein that localizes to the cell membrane - specifies Notch-dependent fate - Notch and Numb physically associate with Sanpodo

semaphorin-1a

Axon guidance transmembrane protein

Sensory neuron membrane protein

CD36-related transmembrane protein - essential for the response of olfactory sensory neurons to cis-vaccenyl acetate,

a male-specific fatty-acid-derived pheromone that regulates sexual and social aggregation behaviours

Serotonin receptor 1A and Serotonin receptor 1B (5-HT1A and 5-HT1B)

seven-pass transmembrane protein, 5-HT1A promotes baseline sleep

Serotonin receptor 2

seven-pass transmembrane protein

Serotonin receptor 7

seven-pass transmembrane protein implicated in regulation of courtship behavior, mating, olfactory learning and memory

sex peptide receptor

G-protein coupled receptor - required in Fruitless plus neurons for post-mating switch in female reproductive behaviour

Shaker cognate b

slow delayed rectifier K⁺ channel - upregulated by light stimulation - functions in light adaptation

sinuous

claudin - localizes to septate junctions and is required for junction organization and paracellular barrier function -

required fo maintenance of cardiac integrity

slimfast

Amino acid transporter - downregulation within the fat body causes a global growth defect involving TSC/TOR signaling

in the fat body and a remote inhibition of organismal growth

slowpoke

Ca-activated, voltage-activated potassium channel

smoothened

seven-pass transmembrane protein - putative hedgehog receptor

sneaky

transmembrane acrosomal protein involved in sperm plasma membrane breakdown; required for sperm activation in the egg cytoplasm

spinster

conserved transmembrane protein expressed in glia - mutants exhibit increased neural survival and altered sexual behavior

spitz

ligand for Egf-r - egf/tgf beta homolog

Star

interacts with EGF-R

synaptotagmin

calcium sensor in synaptic vesicle fusion - functions during exocytosis

Syndecan

a heparan sulfate proteoglycan - a necessary component of Slit/Robo signaling required in Slit target cells

Syntaxin 1A

vesicular docking protein

Syntaxin 5

a Golgi-localized SNARE protein - required for ER-Golgi traffic and Golgi reassembly following cell division - required for steps leading to formation of mature sperm

Tachykinin-like receptor at 99D

G-protein coupled receptor activated by tachykinin-related peptides - regulates stress induced insulin production

and signaling in renal tubules, insulin-producing cells in the adult brain, and presynaptic suppression and

olfactory behaviors in the antennal lobe of the brain

Toll

IL1 homolog

Tollo

Toll-like receptor - leucine rich repeat transmembrane protein - expressed in ectoderm
and required for neural-specific expression of the glycan HRP epitope

transient receptor potential

visual phototransduction, calcium channel, adaptation to light

Transient receptor potential A1

heat-activated TRP family ion channel that is essential for thermotaxis

trapped in endoderm-1

G-protein coupled receptor - links cell polarity, modulation of cell adhesion, and invasion during germ cell migration

Trehalose-sensitivity

G-protein coupled receptor - Taste receptor

unc-5

netrin receptor

veinlet (common alternative name: rhomboid)

interacts with EGF-R

white

ABC transporter of amines that partners with Brown in determination of eye pigmentation - Behavioral abnormalities in white, brown and scarlet mutants

could arise from reduced amine levels in neurons

wengen

tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily - forced expression triggers cell death

wntless

novel conserved transmembrane protein that acts in the Wnt-sending cells to promote the secretion of Wnt proteins

zero population growth

germline-specific gap junction protein - Innexin 4 - required for survival of differentiating early germ cells
during gametogenesis in both sexes

Drosophila genes listed by biochemical function

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