short stop/kakapo

Alves-Silva, J., et al. (2012). Spectraplakins promote microtubule-mediated axonal growth by functioning as structural microtubule-associated proteins and EB1-dependent +TIPs (tip interacting proteins). J. Neurosci. 32(27): 9143-58. PubMed Citation: 22764224

Andra, K., et al. (1997). Targeted inactivation of plectin reveals essential function in maintaining the integrity of skin, muscle, and heart cytoarchitecture. Genes Dev. 11(23): 3143-56. PubMed Citation: 9389647

Andra, K., et al. (1998). Not just scaffolding: plectin regulates actin dynamics in cultured cells. Genes Dev. 12(21): 3442-51. PubMed Citation: 9808630

Antolik, C., et al. (2007). The actin binding domain of ACF7 binds directly to the tetratricopeptide repeat domains of rapsyn. Neuroscience 145(1): 56-65. Medline abstract: 17222516

Applewhite, D. A., et al. (2010). The spectraplakin Short stop is an actin-microtubule cross-linker that contributes to organization of the microtubule network. Mol. Biol. Cell 21(10): 1714-24. PubMed Citation: 20335501

Becker, S., et al. (1997). Reciprocal signaling between Drosophila epidermal muscle attachment cells and their corresponding muscles. Development 124(13): 2615-22. PubMed Citation: 9217003

Bernier, G., et al. (1996). Cloning and characterization of mouse ACF7, a novel member of the dystonin subfamily of actin binding proteins. Genomics 38(1): 19-29. PubMed Citation: 8954775

Bounoutas, A., Kratz, J., Emtage, L., Ma, C., Nguyen, K. C. and Chalfie, M. (2011). Microtubule depolymerization in Caenorhabditis elegans touch receptor neurons reduces gene expression through a p38 MAPK pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108: 3982-3987. PubMed ID: 21368137

Brancolini, C., Bottega, S. and Schneider, C. (1992). Gas2, a growth arrest-specific protein, is a component of the microfilament network system. J. Cell Biol. 117(6): 1251-61. PubMed Citation: 1607387

Brancolini, C. and Schneider, C. (1994). Phosphorylation of the growth arrest-specific protein Gas2 is coupled to actin rearrangements during Go-->G1 transition in NIH 3T3 cells. J. Cell Biol. 124(5): 743-56. PubMed Citation: 8120096

Brancolini, C., Benedetti, M. and Schneider, C. (1995). Microfilament reorganization during apoptosis: the role of Gas2, a possible substrate for ICE-like proteases. EMBO J. 14(21): 5179-0. PubMed Citation: 7489707

Brown, A., et al. (1995). The mouse dystonia musculorum gene is a neural isoform of bullous pemphigoid antigen 1. Nat. Genet. 10(3): 301-6. PubMed Citation: 7670468

Dalpe, G., et al. (1998). Dystonin Is essential for maintaining neuronal cytoskeleton organization. Mol. Cell Neurosci. 10(5/6): 243-57. PubMed Citation: 9618216

Dilks, S. A. and DiNardo, S. (2010). Non-cell-autonomous control of denticle diversity in the Drosophila embryo. Development 137(8): 1395-404. PubMed Citation: 20332154

Dowling, J., Yu, Q. C. and Fuchs, E. (1996). Beta4 integrin is required for hemidesmosome formation, cell adhesion and cell survival. J. Cell Biol. 134(2): 559-72. PubMed Citation: 8707838

Dowling, J., et al. (1997). Developmental expression of BPAG1-n: insights into the spastic ataxia and gross neurologic degeneration in dystonia musculorum mice. Dev. Biol. 187(2): 131-42. PubMed Citation: 9242412

Drabek, K., et al. (2005). Role of CLASP2 in microtubule stabilization and the regulation of persistent motility. Curr. Biol. 16(22): 2259-64. Medline abstract: 17113391

Fuchs, E. and Cleveland, D. W. (1998). A structural scaffolding of intermediate filaments in health and disease. Science 279(5350): 514-9. 98101838

Fuss, B., Josten, F., Feix, M. and Hoch, M. (2004). Cell movements controlled by the Notch signalling cascade during foregut development in Drosophila. Development 131: 1587-1595. 14998929

Gao, F.-B., et al. (1999). Genes regulating dendritic outgrowth, branching, and routing in Drosophila. Genes Dev. 13: 2549-2561. PubMed Citation: 10521399

Goriounov, D., Leung, C. L., and Liem, R. K. (2003). Protein products of human Gas2-related genes on chromosomes 17 and 22 (hGAR17 and hGAR22) associate with both microfilaments and microtubules. J. Cell Sci. 116: 1045-1058. 12584248

Gregory, S. L. and Brown, N. H. (1998). kakapo, a gene required for adhesion between and within cell layers in Drosophila, encodes a large cytoskeletal linker protein related to plectin and dystrophin. J. Cell Biol. 143(5): 1271-82. PubMed Citation: 9832555

Guo, L., et al. (1995). Gene targeting of BPAG1: abnormalities in mechanical strength and cell migration in stratified epithelia and neurologic degeneration. Cell 81(2): 233-43. PubMed Citation: 7736575

Hildebrand, J. D., Leventry, A. D., Aideyman, O. P., Majewski, J. C., Haddad, J. A., Bisi, D. C. and Kaufmann, N. (2021). A modifier screen identifies regulators of cytoskeletal architecture as mediators of Shroom-dependent changes in tissue morphology. Biol Open 10(2). PubMed ID: 33504488

Huntwork-Rodriguez, S., Wang, B., Watkins, T., Ghosh, A. S., Pozniak, C. D., Bustos, D., Newton, K., Kirkpatrick, D. S. and Lewcock, J. W. (2013). JNK-mediated phosphorylation of DLK suppresses its ubiquitination to promote neuronal apoptosis. J Cell Biol 202: 747-763. PubMed ID: 23979718

Lee, K. K. H., et al. (1999). gas2 is a multifunctional gene involved in the regulation of apoptosis and chondrogenesis in the developing mouse limb. Dev. Biol. 207(1): 14-25. PubMed Citation: 10049561

Hijikata, T., et al. (1999). Plectin is a linker of intermediate filaments to Z-discs in skeletal muscle fibers. J. Cell Sci. 112(Pt 6): 867-876. PubMed Citation: 10036236

Karakesisoglou, I., Yang, Y. and Fuchs, E. (2000). An epidermal plakin that integrates actin and microtubule networks at cellular junctions. J. Cell Biol. 149(1): 195-208. PubMed Citation: 10747097

Kawasaki, H. and Kretsinger, R. H. (1995). Calcium-binding proteins 1: EF-hands. Protein Profile 2(4): 297-490. PubMed Citation: 7553064

Khanal, I., Elbediwy, A., Diaz de la Loza, M.D., Fletcher, G.C. and Thompson, B.J. (2016). Shot and Patronin polarise microtubules to direct membrane traffic and biogenesis of microvilli in epithelia. J Cell Sci 129(13):2651-9. PubMed ID: 27231092

Kodama, A., Karakesisoglou, I., Wong, E., Vaezi, A. and Fuchs, E. (2003). ACF7: an essential integrator of microtubule dynamics. Cell 115(3): 343-54. Medline abstract: 14636561

Koenig, M., Monaco, A. P. and Kunkel, L. M. (1998). The complete sequence of dystrophin predicts a rod-shaped cytoskeletal protein. Cell 22;53(2) :219-26. 88194521

Kolodziej, P. A., Jan, L. Y. and Jan, Y. N. (1995). Mutations that affect the length, fasciculation, or ventral orientation of specific sensory axons in the Drosophila embryo. Neuron 15: 273-286. PubMed Citation: 7646885

Lee, S., et al. (1999). short stop is allelic to kakapo, and encodes rod-like cytoskeletal-associated proteins required for axon extension. J. Neurosci. 20(3): 1096-1108. PubMed Citation: 10648715

Lee, M., et al. (2003). Distinct sites in E-cadherin regulate different steps in Drosophila tracheal tube fusion. Development 130: 5989-5999. 14597571

Lee, S. and Kolodziej, P. A. (2002). The plakin Short stop and the RhoA GTPase are required for E-cadherin-dependent apical surface remodeling during tracheal tube fusion. Development 129: 1509-1520. 11880359

Lee, S., et al. (2007). The F-actin-microtubule crosslinker Shot is a platform for Krasavietz-mediated translational regulation of midline axon repulsion. Development 134(9): 1767-77. Medline abstract: 17409115

Leung, C. L., Sun, D., Zheng, M., Knowles, D. R. and Liem, R. K. (1999). Microtubule actin cross-linking factor (MACF): a hybrid of dystonin and dystrophin that can interact with the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. J. Cell Biol. 147: 1275-1286. 10601340

Lin, C. M., Chen, H. J., Leung, C. L., Parry, D. A. and Liem, R. K. (2005). Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1b: a novel plakin that localizes to the Golgi complex. J. Cell Sci. 118(Pt 16): 3727-38. Medline abstract: 16076900

Lu, B., et al. (2001). Adherens junctions inhibit asymmetric division in the Drosophila epithelium. Nature 409: 522-525. 11206549

McLean, W. H., et al. (1996). Loss of plectin causes epidermolysis bullosa with muscular dystrophy: cDNA cloning and genomic organization. Genes Dev 10(14):1724-35. PubMed Citation: 8698233

Manzow, S., et al. (1996). Expression of growth arrest-specific (Gas) genes in murine keratinocytes: Gas2 is specifically regulated. Exp. Cell Res. 224(1): 200-3. PubMed Citation: 8612686

Mui, U. N., Lubczyk, C. M. and Nam, S.-C. (2012). Role of Spectraplakin in Drosophila photoreceptor morphogenesis. PLoS ONE 6(10): e25965. PubMed Citation: 22022483

Nashchekin, D., Fernandes, A. R. and St Johnston, D. (2016). Patronin/Shot cortical foci assemble the noncentrosomal microtubule array that specifies the Drosophila anterior-posterior axis. Dev Cell 38: 61-72. PubMed ID: 27404359

Niessen, C. M., et al. (1997). A minimal region on the integrin beta4 subunit that is critical to its localization in hemidesmosomes regulates the distribution of HD1/plectin in COS-7 cells. J. Cell Sci. 110 ( Pt 15): 1705-16. PubMed Citation: 9264458

Reuter, J. E., et al. (2003). A mosaic genetic screen for genes necessary for Drosophila mushroom body neuronal morphogenesis. Development 130: 1203-1213. 12571111

Rogers, S.L., Rogers, G.C., Sharp, D.J., and Vale, R.D. (2002). Drosophila EB1 is important for proper assembly, dynamics, and positioning of the mitotic spindle. J. Cell Biol. 158: 873-884. 12213835

Röper, K. and Brown, N. H. (2004). A spectraplakin is enriched on the fusome and organizes microtubules during oocyte specification in Drosophila. Curr. Biol. 14: 99-110. 14738730

Prokop, A., et al. (1998). The kakapo mutation affects terminal arborization and central dendritic sprouting of Drosophila motorneurons. J. Cell Biol. 143(5): 1283-94. PubMed Citation: 9832556

Prout, M., et al. (1997). Autosomal mutations affecting adhesion between wing surfaces in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 146(1): 275-85. PubMed Citation: 9136017

Ruhrberg, C. and Watt, F. M. (1997a). The plakin family: versatile organizers of cytoskeletal architecture. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 7(3): 392-7. PubMed Citation: 9229116

Ruhrberg, C., et al. (1997b). Periplakin, a novel component of cornified envelopes and desmosomes that belongs to the plakin family and forms complexes with envoplakin. J. Cell Biol. 139(7): 1835-49. PubMed Citation: 9412476

Ryan, S. D., Bhanot, K., Ferrier, A., De Repentigny, Y., Chu, A., Blais, A. and Kothary, R. (2012a). Microtubule stability, Golgi organization, and transport flux require dystonin-a2-MAP1B interaction. J Cell Biol 196: 727-742. PubMed ID: 22412020

Ryan, S. D., Ferrier, A. and Kothary, R. (2012b). A novel role for the cytoskeletal linker protein dystonin in the maintenance of microtubule stability and the regulation of ER-Golgi transport. Bioarchitecture 2: 2-5. PubMed ID: 22754620

Schaapveld, R. Q., et al. (1998). Hemidesmosome formation is initiated by the beta4 integrin subunit requires complex formation of beta4 and HD1/plectin, and involves a direct interaction between beta4 and the bullous pemphigoid antigen 180. J. Cell Biol. 142(1): 271-84. PubMed Citation: 9660880

Schneider, C., King, R. M. and Philipson, L. (1988). Genes specifically expressed at growth arrest of mammalian cells. Cell 54(6): 787-93. 88311081

Sgorbissa, A., et al. (1999). Caspase-3 and caspase-7 but not caspase-6 cleave Gas2 in vitro: implications for microfilament reorganization during apoptosis. J. Cell Sci. 112: 4475-82. 10564664

Shin, J. E., Cho, Y., Beirowski, B., Milbrandt, J., Cavalli, V. and DiAntonio, A. (2012). Dual leucine zipper kinase is required for retrograde injury signaling and axonal regeneration. Neuron 74: 1015-1022. PubMed ID: 22726832

Simone R. P. and DiNardo S. (2010). Actomyosin contractility and Discs large contribute to junctional conversion in guiding cell alignment within the Drosophila embryonic epithelium. Development 137: 1385-1394. PubMed Citation: 20332153

Slep, K. C., Rogers, S. L., Elliott, S. L., Ohkura, H., Kolodziej, P. A. and Vale, R. D. (2005). Structural determinants for EB1-mediated recruitment of APC and spectraplakins to the microtubule plus-end. J. Cell Biol. 168: 587-598. Medline abstract: 15699215

Strumpf, D. and Volk, T. (1998). Kakapo, a novel cytoskeletal-associated protein is essential for the restricted localization of the neuregulin-like factor, vein, at the muscle-tendon junction site. J. Cell Biol. 143(5): 1259-70. PubMed Citation: 9832554

Subramanian, A., et al. (2003). Shortstop recruits EB1/APC1 and promotes microtubule assembly at the muscle-tendon junction. Curr. Biol. 13: 1086-1095. 12842007

Svitkina, T. M., Verkhovsky, A. B. and Borisy, G. G. (1996). Plectin sidearms mediate interaction of intermediate filaments with microtubules and other components of the cytoskeleton. J. Cell Biol. 135(4): 991-1007. PubMed Citation: 8922382

Tang, H. Y., Chaffotte, A. F. and Thacher, S. M. (1996). Structural analysis of the predicted coiled-coil rod domain of the cytoplasmic bullous pemphigoid antigen (BPAG1). Empirical localization of the N-terminal globular domain-rod boundary. J. Biol. Chem. 271(16): 9716-22. PubMed Citation: 8621649

Valakh, V., Walker, L. J., Skeath, J. B. and DiAntonio, A. (2013). Loss of the spectraplakin Short stop activates the DLK injury response pathway in Drosophila. J Neurosci 33: 17863-17873. PubMed ID: 24198375

van Vactor, D., et al. (1993). Genes that control neuromuscular specificity In Drosophila. Cell 73: 1137-1153. 9329075

Voelzmann, A., Okenve-Ramos, P., Qu, Y., Chojnowska-Monga, M., Del Caño-Espinel, M., Prokop, A. and Sanchez-Soriano, N. (2016). Tau and spectraplakins promote synapse formation and maintenance through Jun kinase and neuronal trafficking. Elife 5. PubMed ID: 27501441

Walsh, E. P. and Brown, N. H. (1998). A screen to identify Drosophila genes required for integrin-mediated adhesion. Genetics 150(2): 791-805. PubMed Citation: 9755209

Walters, J. W., Dilks, S. A. and DiNardo, S. (2006). Planar polarization of the denticle field in the Drosophila embryo: roles for Myosin II (zipper) and fringe. Dev. Biol. 297: 323-339. PubMed Citation: 16890930

Wang, S., Reuveny, A. and Volk, T. (2015). Nesprin provides elastic properties to muscle nuclei by cooperating with spectraplakin and EB1. J Cell Biol 209: 529-538. PubMed ID: 26008743

Wiche, G. (1998). Role of plectin in cytoskeleton organization and dynamics. J. Cell Sci. 111(Pt 17): 2477-86. PubMed Citation: 9701547

Wu, X., Kodama, A. and Fuchs, E. (2008). ACF7 regulates cytoskeletal-focal adhesion dynamics and migration and has ATPase activity. Cell 135: 137-148. PubMed Citation: 18854161

Wu, X., Shen, Q. T., Oristian, D. S., Lu, C. P., Zheng, Q., Wang, H. W. and Fuchs, E. (2011). Skin stem cells orchestrate directional migration by regulating microtubule-ACF7 connections through GSK3beta. Cell 144: 341-352. PubMed ID: 21295697

Yang, Y., et al. (1996). An essential cytoskeletal linker protein connecting actin microfilaments to intermediate filaments. Cell 86(4): 655-65. PubMed Citation: 8752219

Yarnitzky, T., Min, L. and Volk, T. (1997). The Drosophila neuregulin homolog Vein mediates inductive interactions between the myotubes and their epidermal attachment cells. Genes Dev. 11: 2691-2700. PubMed Citation: 9334331

Zucman-Rossi, J., Legoix, P. and Thomas, G. (1996). Identification of new members of the Gas2 and Ras families in the 22q12 chromosome region. Genomics 38(3): 247-54. PubMed Citation: 8975699

date revised: 2 September 2021

Home page: The Interactive Fly © 1997 Thomas B. Brody, Ph.D

The Interactive Fly resides on the
Society for Developmental Biology's Web server.