muscle segment homeobox

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Bei, M. and Maas, R. (1998). FGFs and BMP4 induce both Msx1-independent and Msx1-dependent signaling pathways in early tooth development. Development 125(21): 4325-4333. PubMed Citation: 9753686

Bei, M., Kratochwil, K. and Maas, R. L. (2000). BMP4 rescues a non-cell-autonomous function of Msx1 in tooth development. Development 127: 4711-4718. PubMed Citation: 11023873

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Chatterjee, S. S., et al. (2011). The female-specific doublesex isoform regulates pleiotropic transcription factors to pattern genital development in Drosophila. Development 138(6): 1099-109. PubMed Citation: 21343364

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Dobias, S. L., et al. (1997). The evolution of Msx gene function: expression and regulation of a sea urchin Msx class homeobox gene. Mech. Dev. 61 (1-2): 37-48. PubMed Citation: 9076676

Dodig, M., et al. (1999). Ectopic Msx2 overexpression inhibits and Msx2 antisense stimulates calvarial osteoblast differentiation. Dev. Biol. 209(2): 298-307. 99262358

Du, H. and Chalfie, M. (2001). Genes regulating touch cell development in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 158: 197-207. 11333230

Feledy, J. A., et al. (1999). Inhibitory patterning of the anterior neural plate in Xenopus by homeodomain factors Dlx3 and Msx1. Dev. Biol. 212(2): 455-64

Ferrari, D., et al. (1998). Ectopic expression of Msx-2 in posterior limb bud mesoderm impairs limb morphogenesis while inducing BMP-4 expression, inhibiting cell proliferation, and promoting apoptosis. Dev. Biol. 197(1): 12-24

Foerst-Potts, L. and Sadler, T. W. (1997). Disruption of Msx-1 and Msx-2 reveals roles for these genes in craniofacial, eye, and axial development. Dev. Dyn. 209(1): 70-84

Gauchat, D., et al. (2000). Evolution of Antp-class genes and differential expression of Hydra Hox/paraHox genes in anterior patterning. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 97: 4493-4498.

Gomes, W. A. and Kessler, J. A. (2001). Msx-2 and p21 mediate the pro-apoptotic but not the anti-proliferative effects of BMP4 on cultured sympathetic neuroblasts. Dev. Bio. 237: 212-221. 11518517

Graham, A., Koentges, G. and Lumsden, A. (1996). Neural crest apoptosis and the essablishment of craniofacial pattern: an honorable death. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 8: 76-83

Han, M., et al. (2003). Digit regeneration is regulated by Msx1 and BMP4 in fetal mice. Development 130: 5123-5132. 12944425

Han, J., et al. (2007). Concerted action of Msx1 and Msx2 in regulating cranial neural crest cell differentiation during frontal bone development. Mech. Dev. 124(9-10): 729-45. PubMed citation: 17693062

Hens, J. R., et al. (2007). BMP4 and PTHrP interact to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction. Development 134(6): 1221-30. Medline abstract: 17301089

Houzelstein, D., et al. (1997). Insertional mutation of the mouse Msx1 homeobox gene by an nlacZ reporter gene. Mech. Dev. 65(1-2): 123-133

Houzelstein, D., et al. (1999). The homeobox gene Msx1 is expressed in a subset of somites, and in muscle progenitor cells migrating into the forelimb. Development 126(12): 2689-2701

Houzelstein, D., et al. (2000). The expression of the homeobox gene Msx1 reveals two populations of dermal progenitor cells originating from the somites. Development 127: 2155-2164

Hu, G., et al. (1998). Haploinsufficiency of MSX1: a mechanism for selective tooth agenesis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18(10): 6044-6051

Hu, G., et al. (2001). Msx homeobox genes inhibit differentiation through upregulation of cyclin D1. Development 128: 2373-2384

Isshiki, T., Takeichi, M. and Nose, A. (1997). The role of the msh homeobox gene during Drosophila neurogenesis: implication for the dorsoventral specification of the neuroectoderm. Development 124(16): 3099-3109

Ishii, M., et al. (2003). Msx2 and Twist cooperatively control the development of the neural crest-derived skeletogenic mesenchyme of the murine skull vault. Development 130: 6131-6142. 14597577

Ishii, M., Han, J., Yen, H. Y., Sucov, H. M., Chai, Y. and Maxson, R. E. (2005) Combined deficiencies of Msx1 and Msx2 cause impaired patterning and survival of the cranial neural crest. Development 132(22): 4937-50. 16221730

Jagla, T., et al. (2002). Cross-repressive interactions of identity genes are essential for proper specification of cardiac and muscular fates in Drosophila. Development 129: 1037-1047. 11861486

Kulessa, H., Turk, G. and Hogan, B. L. M. (2000). Inhibition of Bmp signaling affects growth and differentiation in the anagen hair follicle. EMBO J. 19: 6664-6674

Kwang, S. J., et al. (2002). Msx2 is an immediate downstream effector of Pax3 in the development of the murine cardiac neural crest. Development 129: 527-538. 11807043

Lallemand, Y., et al. (2005). Analysis of Msx1; Msx2 double mutants reveals multiple roles for Msx genes in limb development. Development 132(13): 3003-14. 15930102

Leyton, L., et al. (2001). Thy-1 binds to integrin ß3 on astrocytes and triggers formation of focal contact sites. Cur. Bio. 11: 1028-1038. 11470407

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Liem, K. F., et al. (1995). Dorsal differentiation of neural plate cells induced by BMP-mediated signals from epidermal ectoderm. Cell 82: 969-979. PubMed Citation: 7553857

Liu, Y. H., et al. (1999). Msx2 gene dosage influences the number of proliferative osteogenic cells in growth centers of the developing murine skull: A possible mechanism for MSX2-mediated craniosynostosis in humans. Dev. Biol. 205(2): 260-274. PubMed Citation: 9917362

Liu, Y., Helms, A. W. and Johnson, J. E. (2004). Distinct activities of Msx1 and Msx3 in dorsal neural tube development. Development 131: 1017-1028. 14973289

Lord, P. C., et al. (1995). Normal expression and the effects of ectopic expression of the Drosophila muscle segment homeobox gene suggest a role in differentiation and patterning of embryonic muscles. Dev. Biol. 171: 627-640

Lu, C., Rincon-Limas, D. E. and Botas, J. (2000). Conserved overlapping and reciprocal expression of msh/Msx1 and apterous/Lhx2 in Drosophila and mice. Mech. Dev. 99(1-2): 177-181.

Ma, L., et al. (2003). 'Cyclic alopecia' in Msx2 mutants: defects in hair cycling and hair shaft differentiation. Development 130: 379-389. 12466204

MacKenzie, A., et al. (1997). Two enhancer domains control early aspects of the complex expression pattern of Msx1. Mech. Dev. 62 (1): 29-40

Maeda, R., et al. (1997). Xmsx-1 modifies mesodermal tissue pattern along dorsoventral axis in Xenopus laevis embryo. Development 124(13): 2553-2560

Marazzi, G., Wang, Y. and Sassoon, D. (1997). Msx2 is a transcriptional regulator in the BMP4-mediated programmed cell death pathway. Dev Biol 186(2): 127-138

McDonald, J. A., et al. (1998). Dorsoventral patterning in the Drosophila central nervous system: the vnd homeobox gene specifies ventral column identity. Genes Dev. 12: 3603-3612

Metscher , B. D. et al. (1997). Homeobox genes in axolotl lateral line placodes and neuromasts. Dev. Genes Evol. 207: 287-295

Milán, P., et al. (2001). msh specifies dorsal cell fate in the Drosophila wing. Development 128: 3263-3268. 11546743

Mizutani, C. M., Meyer, N., Roelink, H. and Bier, E. (2006). Threshold-dependent BMP-mediated repression: a model for a conserved mechanism that patterns the neuroectoderm. PLoS Biol. 4(10): e313. Medline abstract: 16968133

Monsoro-Burq, A.-H., et al. (1996). The role of bone morphogenetic proteins in vertebral development. Development 122, 3607-3616

Monsoro-Burq, A. H., Wang, E. and Harland, R. (2004). Msx1 and Pax3 cooperate to mediate FGF8 and WNT signals during Xenopus neural crest induction. Dev. Cell 8: 167-178. 15691759

Monsoro-Burq, A. H., Wang, E. and Harland, R. (2005). Msx1 and Pax3 cooperate to mediate FGF8 and WNT signals during Xenopus neural crest induction. Dev. Cell 8(2): 167-78. 15691759

Mozer, B. A. (2001), Dominant Drop mutants are gain-of-function alleles of the muscle segment homeobox gene (msh) whose overexpression leads to the arrest of eye development. Dev. Bio. 233: 380-393. 11336502

Nose, A., Isshiki, T. and Takeichi, M. (1998). Regional specification of muscle progenitors in Drosophila: the role of the msh homeobox gene. Development 125(2): 215-223

Novak, A., et al. (1998). Cell adhesion and the integrin-linked kinase regulate the LEF-1 and beta-catenin signaling pathways. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 95(8): 4374-4379

Odelberg, S. J., Kollhoff, A. and Keating, M. T. (2000). Dedifferentiation of mammalian myotubes induced by msx1. Cell 103: 1099-1109

Pizette, S., Abate-Shen, C. and Niswander, L. (2001). BMP controls proximodistal outgrowth, via induction of the apical ectodermal ridge, and dorsoventral patterning in the vertebrate limb. Development 128: 4463-4474. 11714672

Poss, K. D., et al. (2000). Roles for Fgf signaling during Zebrafish fin regeneration, Dev. Biol. 222: 347-358

Raghavan, S., et al. (2000). Conditional ablation of beta1 integrin in skin. Severe defects in epidermal proliferation, basement membrane formation, and hair follicle invagination. J. Cell Biol. 150(5): 1149-60. 10974002

Reecy, J. M., et al. (1997). Chicken nkx-2.8: A novel homeobox gene expressed in early heart progenitor cells and pharyngeal pouch-2 and -3 endoderm. Dev. Biol. 188(2):295-311

Rice, R., et al. (2003). Progression of calvarial bone development requires Foxc1 regulation of Msx2 and Alx4. Dev. Biol. 262: 75-87. 14512019

Seibert, J., Volland, D. and Urbach. R. (2009). Ems and Nkx6 are central regulators in dorsoventral patterning of the Drosophila brain. Development 136(23): 3937-47. PubMed Citation: 19906861

Sharman, A. C., Shimeld, S. M. and Holland, P. W. (1999). An amphioxus Msx gene expressed predominantly in the dorsal neural tube. Dev. Genes Evol. 209(4): 260-3

Shimeld, S. M., McKay, I. J. and Sharpe, P. T. (1996). The murine homeobox gene Msx-3 shows highly restricted expression in the developing neural tube. Mech. Dev. 55(2): 201-10

Sierra, O. L., et al. (2004). MINT, the Msx2 interacting nuclear matrix target, enhances Runx2-dependent activation of the osteocalcin fibroblast growth factor response element. J. Biol. Chem. 279(31): 32913-23. 15131132

Smith, S. T. and Jaynes, J. B. (1996). A conserved region of Engrailed, shared among all en-, gsc-, Nk1-, Nk2- and msh-class homeoproteins, mediates active transcriptional repression in vivo. Development 122(10): 3141-3150

Song, L., et al. (2009). Lrp6-mediated canonical Wnt signaling is required for lip formation and fusion. Development 136(18): 3161-71. PubMed Citation: 19700620

Su, M. W., et al. (1991). Progressively restricted expression of a new homeobox-containing gene during Xenopus laevis embryogenesis. Development 111(4): 1179-87. PubMed Citation: 1679007

Suzuki, A., et al. (1997). Xenopus msx1 mediates epidermal induction and neural inhibition by BMP4. Development 124(16): 3037-3044. PubMed Citation: 9272945

Takahashi, T., et al. (1997). A minimal murine msx-1 gene promoter. Organization Of its cis-regulatory motifs and their role in transcriptional activation in cells in culture and in transgenic mice. J. Biol. Chem. 272(36): 22667-22678. PubMed Citation: 9278425

Thesleff, I. and Sharpe, P. (1997). Signalling networks regulating dental development. Mech. Dev. 67(2): 111-123. PubMed Citation: 9392510

Thomas, T., et al. (1998). A signaling cascade involving endothelin-1, dHAND and Msx1 regulates development of neural-crest-derived branchial arch mesenchyme. Development 125(16): 3005-3014. PubMed Citation: 9671575

Tríbulo, C., et al. (2004). Regulation of Msx genes by a Bmp gradient is essential for neural crest specification. Development 130: 6441-6452. 14627721

Tribulo, C., Aybar, M. J., Sanchez, S. S. and Mayor, R. (2004). A balance between the anti-apoptotic activity of Slug and the apoptotic activity of msx1 is required for the proper development of the neural crest. Dev. Biol. 275(2): 325-42. 15501222

Tucker, A. S., Al Khamis, A. and Sharpe, P. T. (1998). Interactions between Bmp-4 and Msx-1 act to restrict gene expression to odontogenic mesenchyme. Dev. Dyn. 212(4): 533-9

Urbach, R. and Technau, G. M. (2003). Segment polarity and DV patterning gene expression reveals segmental organization of the Drosophila brain. Development 130: 3607-3620. 12835379

Urbach, R., Volland, D., Seibert, J. and Technau, G. M. (2006). Segment-specific requirements for dorsoventral patterning genes during early brain development in Drosophila. Development 133(21): 4315-30. Medline abstract: 17038517

Vainio, S., et al. (1993). Identification of BMP-4 as a signal mediating secondary induction between epithelial and mesenchymal tissues during early tooth development. Cell 75(1): 45-58

Von Ohlen, T. L. and Moses, C. (2009). Identification of Ind transcription activation and repression domains required for dorsoventral patterning of the CNS. Mech. Dev. 126: 552-562. PubMed Citation: 19348939

Villa-Cuesta, E. and Modolell, J. (2005). Mutual repression between msh and Iro-C is an essential component of the boundary between body wall and wing in Drosophila. Development 132(18): 4087-96. 16093324

Von Ohlen, T. and Doe, C. Q. (2000). Convergence of Dorsal, Dpp, and Egfr signaling pathways subdivides the Drosophila neuroectoderm into three dorsal-ventral columns. Dev. Bio. 224: 362-372.

Wang, W. Van De Water, T. and Lufkin, T. (1998). Inner ear and maternal reproductive defects in mice lacking the Hmx3 homeobox gene. Development 125(4): 621-634

Watanabe, Y., et al. (1998). Two domains in vertebral development: antagonistic regulation by SHH and BMP4 proteins. Development 125(14): 2631-2639

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Wu, L., et al. (1997). Miz1, a novel zinc finger transcription factor that interacts with Msx2 and enhances its affinity for DNA. Mech. Dev. 65(1-2): 3-17

Zhang, H., et al. (1997). Heterodimerization of Msx and Dlx homeoproteins results in functional antagonism. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17(5): 2920-32

Zhang, H., Catron, K. M. and Abate-Shen, C. (1996). A role for the Msx-1 homeodomain in transcriptional regulation: Residues in the N-terminal arm mediate TATA binding protein interaction and transcriptional repression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1764-69

Zhang, Y., et al. (2000). A new function of BMP4: dual role for BMP4 in regulation of Sonic hedgehog expression in the mouse tooth germ. Development 127: 1431-1443.

Zhang, Z., et al. (2002). Rescue of cleft palate in Msx1-deficient mice by transgenic Bmp4 reveals a network of BMP and Shh signaling in the regulation of mammalian palatogenesis. Development 129: 4135-4146. 12163415

Zhao, G., Wheeler, S. R. and Skeath, J. B. (2007). Genetic control of dorsoventral patterning and neuroblast specification in the Drosophila central nervous system. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 51(2): 107-15. Medline abstract: 17294361

date revised: 10 June 2011 

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